Heritable differences in chemosensory ability among humans

Table 1 Genes associated with variation in taste and olfactory ability in humans

Gene	Polymorphisms	Taste/odor	Reference/s
Taste
TAS2R38	P49A, A262V, V296I	Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC)	[13, 14]
TAS2R31	C103T, R35W	Saccharin, acesulfame K	[11, 15]
TAS2R19	R299C^a	Quinine	[14]
TAS1R3	Promoter SNPs at −1266 and 1572	Sucrose	[16]
GNAT3	Promoter SNP at -10127^a	Sucrose	[17]
TAS1R1	T372A, R757C	Monosodium glutamate	[18]
Olfaction
OR7D4	R88W, T133M	Androstenone	[19, 20]
OR11H7P	Q227^cb	Isovaleric acid	[21]
OR2J3	T113A, R226Q	Cis-3-hexen-1-ol	[22, 23]
OR2M7 ^c	ND	Metabolites of asparagus	[24, 25]

ND, not determined.
^aBest associated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) but not necessarily causal.
^bNonsense mutation.
^cClosest olfactory receptor gene.

ISSN: 2044-7248