Evaluation of aroma profile differences between sué, sautéed, and pan-fried onions using an innovative olfactometric approach

Villière, Angélique; Le Roy, Sarah; Fillonneau, Catherine; Guillet, Fabrice; Falquerho, Hugues; Boussely, Sabine; Prost, Carole

doi:10.1186/s13411-015-0034-0

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Table 2 Volatile compounds identified by GC-MS-FID in sués, sautéed, and pan-fried onions

From: Evaluation of aroma profile differences between sué, sautéed, and pan-fried onions using an innovative olfactometric approach

							Sué onion		Sautéed onion juice		Pan-fried onion juice
	Compounds	CAS number			Calculated LRI	Literature LRI	Peak surface	Percent total peak area	Peak surface	Percent total peak area	Peak surface	Percent total peak area	Significance peak area
	Total peak area						2.4E+07^c		3.8E+07^b		1.0E+08^a		**
Carboxylic acid
1	Acetic acid	64	19	7	1471	1427-1479	ND^b		ND^b		6.8E+05^a		***
2	Propanoic acid	79	9	4	1565	1487-1574	8.9E+04^ab		6.6E+04^b		1.3E+05^a		*
3	Hexanoic acid	142	62	1	1908	1815-1938	2.4E+05^b		2.6E+05^b		4.1E+05^a		*
	Total carboxylic acid						3.3E+05^b	1.4	3.3E+05^b	0.9	1.2E+06^a	1.2	***
Aldehydes
4	Acetaldehyde	75	7	0	707	677-744	2.5E+05^b		5.3E+05^b		2.4E+06^a		***
5	Propanal	123	38	6	801	769-828	2.5E+06^b		1.6E+06^c		7.0E+06^a		***
6	2-Methylpropanal	78	84	2	819	800-858	ND^b		2.0E+05^b		2.1E+06^a		***
7	(E)-2-Propenal	107	2	8	852	828-864	9.2E+04^b		6.3E+04^b		1.5E+05^a		***
8	Butanal	123	72	8	884	850-911	5.1E+04^b		4.1E+04^b		1.6E+05^a		**
9	2-Methylbutanal	96	17	3	923	880-937	5.4E+04^b		9.3E+05^b		5.8E+06^a		***
10	3-Methylbutanal	590	86	3	926	902-961	1.4E+05^b		2.1E+06^b		1.6E+07^a		***
11	Pentanal	110	62	3	988	950-1003	4.1E+05^b		4.6E+05^b		6.9E+05^a		**
12	Hexanal	66	25	1	1097	1067-1099	1.5E+06^c		2.1E+06^b		2.8E+06^a		***
13	(E)-2-Methyl-2-butenal	497	3	0	1115	1069-1113	4.8E+04^b		6.5E+04^b		1.7E+06^a		***
14	(E)-2-Methyl-2-pentenal	623	36	9	1180	1143-1177	4.1E+05^b		2.9E+05^b		1.7E+06^a		***
15	Heptanal	111	71	7	1198	1174-1214	1.8E+05^b		2.7E+05^a		1.6E+05^b		*
16	Octanal	124	13	0	1306	1274-1340	1.4E+05^c		2.7E+05^b		4.7E+05^a		***
17	(E)-2-Heptenal	18829	55	5	1350	1313-1332	2.6E+05^b		6.3E+05^a		7.7E+05^a		*
18	Nonanal	124	19	6	1416	1376-1423	2.00E+05		3.2E+05		4.1E+05		NS
19	(E)-2-Octenal	2363	89	5	1462	1424-1467	2.30E+05		2.8E+05		3.5E+05		NS
20	Benzaldehyde	100	52	7	1573	1488-1585	2.1E+05^c		4.2E+05^b		6.7E+05^a		**
21	(E,E)-2,4-Decadienal	25152	84	5	1876	1763-1858	3.4E+05^b		5.7E+05^a		6.0E+05^a		**
	Total aldehydes						7.0E+06^c	29.8^b	1.1E+07^b	29.4^b	4.4E+07^a	43.7^a	***
Ketones
22	2-Propanone	67	64	1	823	820-858	7.6E+05^c		1.1E+06^b		1.3E+06^a		**
23	2-Butanone	78	93	3	910	881-913	3.1E+04^b		4.1E+04^b		2.0E+05^a		***
24	2,3-Butanedione	431	3	8	980	975-1000	ND^b		ND^b		2.6E+05^a		***
25	2,3-Pentanedione	600	14	6	1065	973-1082	2.1E+04^b		4.9E+04^b		2.8E+05^a		***
26	2-Undecanone	112	12	9	1635	1570-1628	1.60E+05		1.7E+05		2.2E+05		NS
27	2-Tridecanone	593	8	8	1864	1783-1816	1.5E+05^a		1.2E+05^a		ND^b		***
	Total Ketones						1.1E+06^c	4.7	1.5E+06^b	3.9	2.3E+06^a	2.3	***
Hydrocarbons
28	Pentane	109	66	0	500	500	3.60E+05		5.2E+05		5.7E+05		NS
29	Hexane	110	54	3	600	600	5.1E+04^b		1.3E+05^a		4.5E+04^b		**
30	Cyclopentane	287	92	3	634	/	8.20E+05		7.2E+05		8.3E+04		NS
31	1-Octene	111	66	0	859	822-892	4.9E+04^b		7.8E+04^a		8.8E+04^a		**
32	Decane	124	18	5	1000	1000	8.00E+04		1.3E+05		1.1E+05		NS
33	Dodecane	112	40	3	1193	1200	7.4E+04^b		4.9E+05^a		8.2E+04^b		***
34	Tetradecane	629	59	4	1400	1400	ND^b		8.4E+04^a		ND^b		***
	Total Hydrocarbons						1.40E+06	6.08^a	2.1E+06	5.7^a	9.7E+05	1.0^b	NS
Sulfur compounds
35	Methanethiol	74	93	1	689	643-699	3.1E+04^c		6.0E+04^b		1.8E+05^a		***
36	Dimethyl sulfide	75	18	3	758	724-777	4.1E+04^b		3.5E+04^b		4.7E+05^a		***
37	1-Propanethiol	107	3	9	843	817-845	7.8E+04^c		1.5E+05^b		3.0E+05^a		***
38	(Z)-1-Propenyl methyl sulfide	52195	40	1	1003	1006	ND^b		ND^b		1.2E+05^a		***
39	(E)-1-Propenyl methyl sulfide	42848	6	6	1028	1006	5.5E+04^b		6.2E+04^b		1.3E+05^a		***
40	1-Pentanethiol	110	66	7	1055	1039-1055	4.4E+04^c		6.7E+04^b		8.0E+04^a		***
41	Dimethyl disulfide	624	92	0	1096	1057-1120	ND^b		ND^b		8.5E+05^a		***
42	2-Methylthiophene	554	14	3	1112	1078-1120	ND^b		ND^b		5.7E+04^a		***
43	3-Methyltiophene	616	44	4	1139	1093-1158	ND^b		5.0E+04^b		2.1E+05^a		***
44	2,5-Dimethylthiophene	638	2	8	1212	1187-1248	2.1E+05^b		3.0E+05^b		9.1E+05^a		***
45	3,4-Dimethylthiophene	632	15	5	1215	1240-1257	1.5E+05^c		3.0E+05^b		6.3E+05^a		***
46	Methyl propyl disulfide	2179	60	4	1257	1213-1243	1.3E+05^b		1.9E+05^b		5.3E+05^a		***
47	2,4-Dimethylthiophene	638	0	6	1278	1183-1264	1.5E+06^c		3.6E+06^b		1.1E+07^a		***
48	(Z)-1-Propenyl methyl disulfide	23838	18	8	1292	1245-1273	7.8E+05^b		1.5E+06^b		4.3E+06^a		***
49	(E)-1-Propenyl methyl disulfide	5905	47	5	1318	1268-1297	8.7E+05^b		2.4E+06^b		1.2E+07^a		***
50	Dipropyl disulfide	629	19	6	1411	1370-1396	3.4E+05^a		1.8E+05^b		1.1E+05^b		***
51	Dimethyl trisulfide	3658	80	8	1426	1370-1427	1.5E+05^b		4.9E+05^b		2.5E+06^a		***
52	(Z)-1-Propenyl propyl disulfide	23838	20	2	1451	1404-1407	7.3E+05^a		6.1E+05^a		4.0E+05^b		*
53	(E)-1-Propenyl propyl disulfide	5905	46	4	1474	1410-1447	1.20E+06		1.1E+06		1.3E+06		NS
54	Methional	3268	49	3	1490	1448-1479	ND^b		3.2E+05^b		4.1E+05^a		***
55	Methyl propyl trisulfide	17619	36	2	1586	1494-1521	4.20E+05		5.5E+05		6.8E+05		NS
56	Dipropyl trisulfide	6028	61	1	1737	1636-1738	2.5E+05^a		2.0E+05^b		1.5E+05^c		***
57	3,5-Diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane	54644	28	9	1816	1744-1762	4.5E+05^a		3.2E+05^ab		2.5E+05^b		*
	Total sulfur compounds						7.4E+06^b	31.4^b	1.2E+07^b	32.2^b	3.8E+07^a	37.7^a	***
Furans
58	2-Methylfuran	534	22	5	877	843-876	8.6E+04^b		1.0E+05^ab		1.4E+05^a		*
59	2,4-Dimethylfuran	3710	43	8	976	943-958	2.9E+06^a		3.68E+06^a		1.64E+05^b		***
60	2-Pentylfuran	3777	69	3	1242	1236-1243	4.1E+05^ab		6.4E+05^a		3.0E+05^b		**
61	Furfural	98	1	1	1494	1384-1493	1.3E+05^c		1.4E+06^b		2.0E+06^a		***
62	2-Acetylfuran	1192	62	7	1544	1475-1538	ND^c		1.2E+05^b		2.0E+05^a		***
63	5-Methylfurfural	620	2	0	1617	1542-1608	ND^b		3.4E+05^a		2.5E+05^a		***
64	2-Furanmethanol	98	0	0	1695	1636-1693	6.3E+05^b		1.1E+06^a		1.3E+06^a		*
	Total furans						4.16E+06^b	17.6	7.4E+06^a	19.7	4.4E+06^b	4.4	***
Pyrrole
65	2-Acetylpyrrole	1072	83	9	2068	1935-2066	ND^b	0.0^b	ND^b	0.0^b	5.0E+06^a	0.5^a	***
Alcohol
66	Ethanol	64	17	5	940	900-956	3.4E+05^b	1.4	4.6E+05^b	1.2	9.3E+05^a	0.9	*
	Total non identified compounds						1.78E+06^c	7.5^ab	2.68E+06^b	7.1^b	8.26E+06^a	8.3^a	***

Compounds in italics are those not confirmed by all means of identification and therefore considered as tentatively identified. Asterisks indicate differences between peak area values of onion preparations with a significance according to one-way analysis of variance *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. NS indicates no differences between peak area values of onion preparations according to one-way analysis of variance. Different letters (a, b, c) between columns indicate significant differences in the peak area values of onion preparations according to least significant difference test (p ≤ 0.05)

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