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Table 1 Musical matches for the flavours of citrus and vanilla established by Bronner et al. [13] (table reprinted from Spence [1] with permission)

From: Wine and music (I): on the crossmodal matching of wine and music

Musical parameters matching the flavours of citrus and vanilla

Musical parameter

Orange

Vanilla

Timber

Bright, fairly sharp and rough

Soft, dull, not sharp, not rough

Ambitus

Middle range to big

Small

Articulation

Staccato, accentuated, dynamic

Legato, even, less dynamic

Rhythm

Syncopated

Even, not syncopated

Melody

Middle range, to steps, large step intervals

Small-interval consonant

Tempo

Lively and fast (vivace)

Rather slow (adagio)